Tramadol for the first time appeared in Germany in 1977; it let out the German firm Grunenthal. This is the narcotic analgesic, which, apparently, is capable to cause dependence with the smaller probability than morphine, and to a lesser degree to suppress respiration and to render sedative effect, than other opioid medicines. This product is located on the market for medicines in Japan, several countries of Asia and Latin America; podany of claim for obtaining of license in several European countries. However, it is thus far too small clinical data in order to determine the role of this medicine in the removal of pain.

The internationally taken classifications of analgesics does not exist. Some textbooks classify them according to the effectiveness in stopping either of weak or severe pain. Others divide them according to the place, on which they act - either to the center of pain or to the brain. Those soothing, which act in the center of pain, block the production of prostaglandins, which in turn prevents the stimulation of nerve ends, so that the signal of pain does not enter the brain; the same as tyuey vozdeytvuyut to the brain, block the transfer of the signals of the pain between the cells of the brain and thus they prevent the sensation of pain. One additional approach it is division into the narcotic, or the the opiodnye, analgesics (natural or synthesized, whose action similar to the action of morphine) and non-narcotic, or neopiodnye, analgesics (for example, aspirin). Narcotic analgesics can cause medicinal dependence. They frequently and effectively are used for removing the severe pain, especially in the internal organs, but also in other parts of the organism. Neopioidnye analgesics are used for facilitating of skin, muscular, toothache, pain in the joints and the bones. One additional classification divides those soothing into those, which simply remove pain and heat (antipyretics), and those, which remove pain, heat they help to decrease the inflammation. The latter are usually called the nonsteroid antipyretic preparations (NSPVP), or by aspirinopodobnymi medicines (since the first representative OF NSPVP was the aspirin). Narcotic analgesics in the majority of the countries, as a rule, be subject to a strict control, and they are reserved for the use in the cases of severe pain, for example, after surgical operation or for the cancerous patients in the terminal stage. Read the rest of this entry »

Although sharp pain frequently it is possible to overcome by relatively simple method, to manage the chronic pain much more complexly, and here more and more greatly it is necessary to rest on the multi-disciplinary approach, which includes the wide circle of the methods of treatment and supporting mechanisms. Best method of stopping the sharp pain - to attempt to remove its reason. Soothing should be given only if the reason for pain cannot be removed. One of the arguments in favor of this is the fact that the analgesics do not remove the reason for pain, they simply reduce response reaction to the pain. However, the removal of pain compulsorily does not depend on the use of analgesics. Cold water in the place of burn can facilitate pain; heat- or massage can remove muscular pain; alkaline mixture can facilitate pain from the pepticheskoy ulcer recently they appeared data of the clinical experiments, which make it possible to assume that acupuncture or elekrostimulyatsiya of nerve through the skin (percutaneous action) can facilitate some forms of pain. It is important to also remember the study by Henry Of k. bicher in 1955, which revealed that 35% of people, which suffer from the diverse unhealthy states, experienced lightening after by them gave placebo.